5thetrainleavesat10:20am

6i’llgowithyouassoonasiretuhome/

7ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceednextyear

8whateveryousay,iwillnotchangemymind

9sheoftencriedwhenshewasagirl/ioftenwentswimminginmyhometown

35英语时态无处不在

时间是大家共有的，时态是英语特有的。什么时间做什么事，中文里只需要使用一些辅助词，如经常，正在，即将，已经等就可以表达清楚了，而英语却要使用动词不同的时态或句式。这些时态和句式常常难住了不少人。所谓时态，就是关注什么时间做什么事。这个问题弄清楚了，许多事情就好办了。

英语时态，无处不在。出口提笔，不离不弃。英语里共有十六种时态。最常见的，也是高考常考的以前只有八种，现在已扩充到十二种。每年高考英语试卷十五个单选题就有两三分考时态，完形填空里也偶尔出现，25分书面表达法几乎是句句离不开时态。由此可见，时态学好了，优势就是你的了。

15whenmymumsawthisphotoofmejumpingoffabridge,shemademepromisethati’dneverdoitagain

16thebabyiscryingnow/heisleaingchinesenow/iknowyouarearrivingnextsunday/ithinktherewillbenotrafficproblemsbytheyear2050becausemanyofuswillbeworkingathomeusingputers

17idon’treallywork;iamjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretaryarrives/we’retrainingeverydaythisweektoprepareforournextmatch

18–lily,hereisacallforyou–oh,i’ming

19theywerewritingbusilywhenmissbrownwenttogetthebookshehadleftintheoffice/thateveningscroogewassittinginfrontofhisfireathomewhen,suddenly,hesawaghostinfrontofhim/iwassupposedtoarriveat7:00,butiarrivedat8:00

25bythenhehadleaedenglishforsixyears/hehadfinishedwritingthebookbytheendoflastmonth/hesaidthathehadbeenabroadfor3years/shesaidthatshehadforgottentodohers/hesaidthathehadbeenpaintingthehouseallday/ihadthoughtyouwouldetomorrow/weweretomeetatabout5/byeighto’clocktomorrowwewillhavebeenworkingfortenhours

36英语情态动词简介

英语里的情态动词，通俗地说就是说话的态度问题。就是所谓的态度决定一切（attitudedetermineseverything）。说话要留有余地，不能把话说绝了，要客观公正，不主观武断（might,may,could,can,will,should,oughtto）。能（can/beableto）还是不能(can't)，要实事求是。敢(dare)不敢(daren't)做是一回事，该(should/oughtto,)不该(shouldn't/oughtn'tto)做是另一回事。有没有决心(will)做也是一个关键性问题。还有就是，该肯定时肯定(must/sha

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4weexchangednewswithoneanother/emmaanddaveloveeachotherverymuch

5suchisalberteinstein,asimplemanwithgreatachievements/ihavethesameputerasyoudo/weseehimwhenheestotown,butthatisn’toften/that’senough!/that’sit!/isthatso/thatwilldo

6–whenshallwemeetagain-makeitanydayyoulike;it’sallthesametome

15shewillstayhereforanother5days/eachtimeitseemedthere’donemoreofus

16therestofourbagsarestillinthecar/therestofthedaywasspentonthebeach

17shegavemeaveryvaluablepresent,onethatihadneverseen/shegavememanyvaluablepresents,onesthatihadneverseen

10iwenttothepostofficejustnow/isawafilmlastnight

11ididn’tknowyouwerehere

12alicewillenextweek/kidswon’tgotoschoolthey’llstudyathomeonputers/howwilltheworldbedifferentinthefuture,100yearsfromnow

13fishwilldiewithoutwater/hewilloftengotoworkwithouthavingbreakfast/thatwillbexiaoliatthedoor,ithink/-wouldyoumindmovingyourbike–sorry,i’lldoitrightaway

14sheisgoingtospeakontvthisevening/ifitisfine,wewillgofishing/ameetingistobeheldat3o’clockthisafteoon

7–canyoueonmondayortuesday-i’mafraidneitherdayispossible

8i’veboughttwopens-youcanhaveeither

9–howmuchmoneydoyouhave–none/ifihadsomemoney,iwouldlendyousome,butunfortunately,ihavenone/noneofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseitwaskeptasasecret

10whatareyoudoingnow–nothing

11eachoftheticketscosts70dollars/theticketscost70dollarseach/theticketseachcost70dollars

20hewasalwaysmakingthesamemistake/sheisalwaystalkingloudinpublic

21hehastuedoffthelight/howmuchhaveyouleaedsofar/shehasalreadytidiedherroom/inthelastthirtyyears,theinteethasgrownrapidly/lovershavesufferedsinceancienttimesthesorrowsofparting多情自古伤离别。/wewillhavefinishedourworkby8o’clocktomorrow

22hehaswritten6bookssofar/mylifehaschangedalotinthelastfewyears/howlonghaveyoubeencollectingshells

23thisisthefirsttimeihaveehere/thiswasthethirdtime(that)shehadmadethesamemistake

24iwillgowithyouassoonasihavefinishedmywork/wehaveallplayedwithsnowandice

18thedictionaryonthedeskisbetterthanthat/theoneunderthedesk/thebooksonthedeskarebetterthanthose/theonesunderthedesk

19fewpleasurescanequalthatofacooldrink

20heisnothingbutaclerk/heisanythingbutaclerk/heissomeone/something/notanybodysheissomethingofadoctor/shehassavedmanylives

2shelikesplayingbasketball/shelovestotelljokes

3everythinggoeswell/theregoesthebell

4workersfacetoughtimesabroad

学习英语时态，首先要记住不同时态的构成，它们相当于数学公式。以write为例，列出英语里常见的十二种时态，供参考。一般现在时(write/writes)；一般过去时(wrote);一般将来时(will/shallwrite);过去将来是（would/shouldwrite）;现在完成时（have/haswritten）;过去完成时(hadwritten);现在进行时(is/am/arewriting);过去进行时(was/werewriting)；现在完成进行时(have/hasbeenwriting);过去完成进行时(hadbeenwriting);将来完成时(will/shallhavewritten);将来进行时(will/shallbewriting)。

光记住公式还远远不够。重要是要学会参悟语境，这是学好英语时态最重要也是最难做的。参悟语境，即通过上下文，抓住时间点，然后依据相关的时态规则，选定正确的时态。想做到这一点，平时要多听多看。听多了，看够了，感觉就找到了，就能够运用自如了。下面先列出一些句子，认真地读，仔细地悟，看看能否找到感觉。

1heisalwaysreadytohelpothers/shealwayswearsareddress/sheneverstopstalking!/iwatchtvforsixteenorseventeenhoursaday

轻舟已过万重山（教育篇IV） (第2/3页)

aterpark–no,ihaven’t–me,neither/-whydoeshelikekoalas–becausethey’rekindofinteresting

2thisisn’tmineitmustbesomeoneelse’s/somethingiswrongwithmybikemayiuseyours/jacktookoffhiscoatandwenttobedthatcarofhersisalwaysbreakingdown/mylifeissoboringrightnowandyoursissoexciting

3practiceintroducingyourselfandothers/pleasewriteandtellmeaboutyourself

12everymanisnothonest/noteverymanishonest/therearefantasticshowseverytwohours

13allofthemdon’tsmoke/notallofthemsmoke/noneofthemsmoke/notalleventsinhistoryareasterribleasthis,ofcourse

14wouldyoupleasemakeitsomeotherday/-whatotheranimalsdoyoulike–ilikedogs,too/shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife/imagineoneofyouisyangliweiandtheotherisareporterfromcctv

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